Abstract

Breeding programs play an important role in increasing the performance of chickens. The poultry industry regards growth and reproduction as the two most economically valued characteristics for providing adequate animal proteins. Genetic variations are the basis of animal breeding. The present study was conducted on three genes, including Prolactin, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase (HMGCR), and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GNRHR). DNA was isolated from 48 chickens taken from three strains Lohmann Brown (17), Sinai (24), and Gimmizah (7) for Prolactin, HMGCR, and GNRHR gene amplification by using the PCR protocol. Electrophoresis was performed on the PCR products and the bands were viewed on a transilluminator. The size of the Prolactin gene, HMGCR, and GNRHR were 154, 675, and 210 bp, respectively. For the Sinai strain, five bands for Prolactin, two bands for HMGCR, and six bands for GNRHR were found while for the Lohmann Brown strain, five bands of Prolactin gene, three bands for HMGCR, and five bands for GNRHR were found. Regarding the Gimizah strain, two bands were found for Prolactin and GNRHR genes and there was only one band for the HMGCR gene. The Lohmann Brown strain respectively matured 13 and 91 earlier than Gimizah and Sinai strains with a higher egg number during the first 90 days.