Abstract

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is crucial in regulating stem cells and enhancing their therapeutic efficacy in chronic inflammatory diseases such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome )IC/BPS(. This study aimed to explore the potential of HA as a biomaterial for optimizing stem cell-based therapies in the treatment of IC/BPS. Due to its biocompatibility and bioactivity, HA serves as a supportive matrix that improves stem cell retention, survival, and function. Additionally, HA modulates stem cell behavior, promoting regeneration and anti-inflammatory response, which are essential for repairing the damaged bladder lining in animals. Its intrinsic anti-inflammatory properties further contribute to reducing inflammation and creating a favorable microenvironment for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, HA facilitates the controlled release of MSCs and other therapeutic agents, extending their benefits for chronic conditions like IC/BPS. The wide-ranging applications of HA in both animal models and human research underscore its potential as a therapeutic agent for various medical conditions. Preclinical studies have shown that HA supports tissue regeneration, reduces inflammation, and enhances stem cell retention, making it a valuable biomaterial for treating bladder inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cardiovascular disorders. In clinical settings, HA has been effectively applied in regenerative medicine, osteoarthritis management, wound healing, and drug delivery, demonstrating its biocompatibility and therapeutic effectiveness. These insights highlight HA’s role in translating experimental findings into clinical applications, paving the way for improved treatment approaches for chronic and inflammatory diseases. Overall, HA holds significant potential in enhancing the efficacy and long-term therapeutic outcomes of MSC-based treatments for chronic bladder disorders.