Abstract

Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is recognized as one of the most prevalent fly species globally, playing a significant role in the transmission of infections and pathogens that are important in both veterinary and medical contexts. This includes the dissemination of eggs from intestinal helminths, as well as ectoparasites, endoparasites, and protozoan cysts. Several approaches to combating insect pests include biological, physical, chemical, and agrotechnical methods. Chemical methods remain the main strategy for controlling the population of insect pests; however, excessive use, increased dosages, and frequency of treatments have led to the development of resistance. To date, numerous documented cases of resistance to insecticides have been registered in natural populations. A significant mechanism for resistance development is the detoxification of xenobiotics by enzymes of the cytochrome system. This study aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the role of P450 monooxygenase in developing insecticide resistance in houseflies. This overview focuses on the diversity of Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in Musca domestica that contribute to resistance against the most popular classes of insecticides and their location in the genome. Throughout this work, the main P450 candidate genes associated with insecticide resistance were identified and described. The authors also summarized and systematized recent research results in this area.