Abstract

This study is a contribution to the search for alternatives to combat antibiotic resistance in Salmonella strains in poultry farming. The objective of this work is to highlight the main phytochemical compounds of 2 Ivorian medicinal plants (Mallotus oppositifolius and Kalanchoe crenata) and to evaluate their acute oral toxicity with a view to their use in the poultry sector, to fight against certain avian pathologies, including Salmonellosis. The phytochemical compounds of the extracts of the plants used in this study were highlighted by colouring and precipitation methods. Acute oral toxicity was adapted to broilers according to the guideline OECD 425, 2008. The phytochemical screening carried out showed that aqueous extract of Mallotus oppositifolius possesses polyphenols and catechical tannins. The ethanolic extract also has anthraquinones, saponosides, sterols, and terpenes. The ethanolic extract of Kalanchoe crenata only owns polyphenols and catechical tannins. At the end of the acute oral toxicity study, no mortality was observed in all batches of experimentation and the biochemical analysis of the subject’s blood showed creatinine values ≤ 10 mg/L.; aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) ≤ 275 IU/L; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 50 IU/L, urea=0.01g/L, CRP≤6 mg/L; and blood sugar was between 2 and 5 g/L in subjects from different batches. Ultimately, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Mallotus oppositifolius and the ethanolic extract of Kalanchoe crenata can be used as an antibacterial in broiler farming. Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2024