GROWTH PERFORMANCE, MINERAL COMPOSITION AND HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION IN JAMBO GRASS (Sorghum bicolor � S. sudanense) IRRIGATED WITH INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT

Islam, Shilpi and Islam, Md. Rashidul and Selim, Abu Sadeque Md. and Bristi, Susmita Sarker (2026) GROWTH PERFORMANCE, MINERAL COMPOSITION AND HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION IN JAMBO GRASS (Sorghum bicolor � S. sudanense) IRRIGATED WITH INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research. 189 - 197. ISSN 22287701

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Abstract

The use of industrial wastewater for forage production is increasing in peri-urban livestock systems, yet its implications for fodder safety remain uncertain. This study evaluated the effects of graded industrial effluent irrigation on growth characteristics, nutrient composition, and heavy metal accumulation in Jambo grass (Sorghum bicolor � Sorghum sudanense). A pot experiment was conducted using five irrigation treatments comprising fresh water (control) and 25, 50, 75, and 100 industrial effluent. Morphological traits, biomass yield, proximate composition, and concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Fe were determined in soil and plant tissues. Moderate effluent application (25-50) improved plant height, leaf production, and total biomass yield compared with the control. However, progressive increases in effluent concentration resulted in elevated accumulation of Pb and Cd, particularly in roots and leaves. At higher effluent levels (�75), Pb and Cd concentrations in edible plant parts exceeded recommended limits for livestock feed, despite proximate composition remaining largely unaffected. Crude protein and fiber fractions showed no significant variation among treatments. The results indicate that diluted industrial effluent may support Jambo grass productivity, but unrestricted use poses potential risks to livestock health due to heavy metal contamination. Careful dilution and routine monitoring are therefore essential if wastewater-irrigated fodder is to be used in animal feeding systems. © (2026), (Scienceline Publication). All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Forage quality; Heavy metals; Jambo grass; Livestock feed safety; Wastewater irrigation
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research (OJAFR)
Page Range:	189 - 197
Journal or Publication Title:	Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	16
Number:	3
Publisher:	Scienceline Publications, Ltd
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.51227/ojafr.2026.23
ISSN:	22287701
Depositing User:	Dr. Saeid Chekani-Azar
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1806

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