Fabrication and Evaluation of Absorbable Sutures Derived from Cellulose Fibers of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Leaves

Tran, Chau Buu and Nguyen, Chau Thuy Ngoc and Mai, Khiem Gia and Nguyen, Thuy Thanh and Nguyen, Thuong Thi (2026) Fabrication and Evaluation of Absorbable Sutures Derived from Cellulose Fibers of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Leaves. World's Veterinary Journal. 560 - 572. ISSN 23224568

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Abstract

Developing sustainable and biodegradable veterinary biomaterials is crucial for addressing limitations of synthetic sutures and avoiding secondary suture removal. The present study aimed to develop a novel, eco-friendly suture derived from pineapple leaves as an alternative to synthetic surgical threads and to assess its functional and clinical potential. The present study fabricated absorbable veterinary sutures from pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) via alkaline treatment and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation. The purified fibers, characterized by an average diameter of 53.61 ± 1.89 µm were successfully isolated via alkaline treatment and TEMPO-mediated oxidation, dyed naturally with Peristrophe bivalvis, coated with 1 chitosan, and subsequently twisted into size 3/0 sutures. In vitro degradation in phosphate buffer solution over four weeks confirmed their biodegradability, as demonstrated by increased fragility and strand separation. For the in vivo trial, 24 male mice (20-24 grams) were housed at a density of three mice per cage throughout the cultivation periods of 7, 14, 28, and 45 days. The mice were divided into two groups, including those that underwent surgery and were treated with PALF sutures (experimental group) and those that were treated with Polyglactin 910 (control group). A 2-3 cm dorsal-to-abdominal skin incision was made to expose the subcutaneous tissue, followed by a 1-2 cm connective tissue incision to establish the wound model for testing PALF sutures. Specific parameters, including the degree of edema and erythema, localized temperature, and the presence of exudate, suppuration, secondary infection, and hemorrhage, were assessed for each group. Critical complications, including wound dehiscence or marginal necrosis, were recorded. The current results demonstrated that PALF sutures were biocompatible and followed a healing pathway similar to that of Polyglactin 910. The present results revealed that PALF sutures had significantly lower secondary infection scores (0.08 ± 0.28) than Polyglactin 910 (0.58 ± 0.90), indicating superior anti-infective property. All clinical inflammatory signs completely resolved by day 45. The TEMPO-oxidized PALF sutures were a viable, biocompatible, and sustainable alternative to absorbable veterinary sutures, demonstrating effective tissue healing and a significantly lower incidence of secondary infection. © The Author(s) 2026 CC BY Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Absorbable suture; Ananas comosus; Cellulose; Mice; Pineapple leaf
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	World's Veterinary Journal (WVJ)
Page Range:	560 - 572
Journal or Publication Title:	World's Veterinary Journal
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	16
Number:	2
Publisher:	Scienceline Publication
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2026.wvj53
ISSN:	23224568
Depositing User:	Dr. Alireza Sadeghi
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1741

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