Effects of Javanese Ginseng (Talinum paniculatum) Leaf Decoction on Immunohistochemical Expression and Superoxide Dismutase Levels in Diabetic Rats

Suarsana, I Nyoman and Kardena, I Made and Suriani, Ni Luh and Artika, I Made and Swastini, Dewa Ayu (2026) Effects of Javanese Ginseng (Talinum paniculatum) Leaf Decoction on Immunohistochemical Expression and Superoxide Dismutase Levels in Diabetic Rats. World's Veterinary Journal. 391 - 401. ISSN 23224568

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Abstract

Java Ginseng has long been used by Indonesian communities as a medicinal plant and is traditionally consumed as an alternative therapy, even in managing Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the decoction of Javanese ginseng leaf simplicia (DJGLS) on blood glucose levels, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), the levels and expression intensity of SOD, and pancreatic histopathology in DM rats. Twenty adult male rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The normal control group (GJ-0, n = 5), the DM group (GJ-1, n = 5) received a placebo, and the DM groups (GJ-2, n = 5 and GJ-3, n = 5) were administered a DJGLS (100 g/100 mL, w/v powder simplicia), at volume of 0.5 mL and 1 mL/100 g body weight, respectively for 21 consecutive days. Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Serum and pancreatic SOD levels were determined using an ELISA kit. Pancreatic histopathology was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, while pancreatic SOD expression was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, phytochemical screening was performed on the Javanese ginseng leaf simplicia powder. The present study demonstrated that the phytochemical analysis of Java Ginseng leaf simplicia powder revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. DJGLS treatment reduced blood glucose levels and serum SOD levels in diabetic rats, with a significant reduction observed in the GJ-3 group compared with the GJ-1. Administration of DJGLS in the GJ-2 and GJ-3 groups significantly increased pancreatic SOD levels compared with the GJ-1. The DJGLS treatment in the GJ-2 and GJ-3 groups demonstrated restorative effects, as evidenced by the recovery of the Islets of Langerhans area and increased intensity of pancreatic SOD expression compared with the GJ-1. In conclusion, DJGLS treatment was able to reduce blood glucose levels and serum SOD levels, although these values had not fully returned to normal conditions, and it increased pancreatic SOD levels. The DJGLS indicated potential for promoting recovery of the pancreatic Islets of Langerhans area. © The Author(s) 2026. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Decoction; Diabetes; Immunohistochemistry; Javanese ginseng; Superoxide dismutase
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	World's Veterinary Journal (WVJ)
Page Range:	391 - 401
Journal or Publication Title:	World's Veterinary Journal
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	16
Number:	2
Publisher:	Scienceline Publication
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2026.wvj37
ISSN:	23224568
Depositing User:	Dr. Alireza Sadeghi
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1723

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