Isolation of Flocculant Bacteria from The Gut of Tilapia in Mina Padi for Probiotic Application in Biofloc Technology

Fitriadi, Ren and Soedibya, Petrus Hary Tjahja and Nurhafid, Mohammad and Sukardi, Purnama and Ufianah, . and Hutabarat, Philipus Uli Basa and Trianingtyas, Laela and Palupi, Mustika and Rahayu, Sata Yoshida Srie and Musa, Ahmad (2026) Isolation of Flocculant Bacteria from The Gut of Tilapia in Mina Padi for Probiotic Application in Biofloc Technology. World's Veterinary Journal. 220 - 230. ISSN 23224568

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Abstract

Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture system with considerable potential. The system operates through complex bacterial interactions, which require effective flocculant bacterial isolates to function optimally within the system. The present study aimed to isolate flocculant bacteria from the Mina Padi region in Banyumas, Indonesia, as candidate probiotics for fish farming using biofloc technology. Flocculant bacteria were selected using the kaolin suspension method, yielding three high-activity flocculant bacterial isolates as potential candidates. The flocculant bacterial isolates were successfully identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, namely Bacillus altitudinis NHA03, Staphylococcus ureilyticus NHB05, and Kurthia gibsonii NHC02. In the kaolin suspension test, peak flocculation activity was achieved at 72 hours, with values of 81.14 for NHA03, 80.44 for NHB05, and 89.67 for NHC02. The three isolates demonstrated stable performance across a pH range of 3-9 and a temperature range of 18-38°C. The highest flocculation activity was observed at 28°C, with NHC02 reaching 80, followed by NHB05 at 75 and NHA03 at 65. Regarding pH, NHB05 exhibited the highest activity at pH 3-5, NHA03 was optimal at pH 5, while NHC02 maintained consistent activity across all pH levels. Based on supporting tests, Bacillus altitudinis NHA03 and Kurthia gibsonii NHC02 were non-pathogenic, produced enzymes (protease, amylase, and cellulase), and demonstrated resistance to pH and temperature variations, indicating a strong capacity for environmental adaptation. Staphylococcus ureilyticus NHB05 demonstrated no extracellular enzyme activity and exhibited increased antibiotic resistance, making it less appropriate as a probiotic candidate. Bacillus altitudinis NHA03 and Kurthia gibsonii NHC02 can currently be recommended as probiotic candidates for use in aquaculture with biofloc technology based on their flocculation performance and other beneficial traits. © The Author(s) 2026. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Bacillus altitudinis; Biofloc technology; Flocculant bacteria; Kurthia gibsonii
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	World's Veterinary Journal (WVJ)
Page Range:	220 - 230
Journal or Publication Title:	World's Veterinary Journal
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	16
Number:	1
Publisher:	Scienceline Publication
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2026.wvj21
ISSN:	23224568
Depositing User:	Dr. Alireza Sadeghi
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1710

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