Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Wild Animals in Vietnam

Vu, Thi Thu Tra and Dong, Van Hieu and Nguyen, Thi Thanh Ha and Truong, Ha Thai and Hoang, Thi Thu Ha and Pham-Duc, Phuc and Nguyen, Thanh Trung (2026) Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Wild Animals in Vietnam. World's Veterinary Journal. 106 - 114. ISSN 23224568

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Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance has increased globally among bacteria within the family Enterobacteriaceae. The present study aimed to identify Enterobacteriaceae species isolated from wild animals in Vietnam, including sika deer, chevrotain, bamboo rat, binturong, otter, palm civet, and wildcat, and to evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. A total of 20 samples from wild animals were subjected to biochemical characterization and species identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. A total of 42 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified, including Escherichia coli (E. coli; 71.4), Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter bugandensis, Enterobacter hormaechei, Escherichia fergusonii, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella variicola, and Proteus mirabilis. Most isolates were susceptible to norfloxacin (92.9) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (88.1), and no resistance to imipenem was detected. In contrast, resistance to ampicillin was the most common at 52.4, followed by ciprofloxacin at 30.9, cefotaxime at 26.2, tetracycline at 23.8, chloramphenicol at 21.4, and streptomycin at 21.4. Intermediate susceptibility was observed for doxycycline (9.5), cefoxitin (9.5), norfloxacin (7.1), and gentamicin (4.8). Among the isolates, 76.7 of E. coli and 91.7 of the remaining Enterobacteriaceae species demonstrated resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent. Seventeen distinct resistance patterns were identified among E. coli, whereas five patterns were observed among other species. Overall, 12 isolates (28.6) were classified as multidrug-resistant, exhibiting resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes. The present findings indicated that wild animals in Vietnam carried different Enterobacteriaceae species, including multidrug-resistant strains. Consequently, wild animals could serve as a reservoir for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance within a One Health approach. © The Author(s) 2026 CC BY Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Antimicrobial resistance; Enterobacteriaceae; Multidrug resistance; Wild animal
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	World's Veterinary Journal (WVJ)
Page Range:	106 - 114
Journal or Publication Title:	World's Veterinary Journal
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	16
Number:	1
Publisher:	Scienceline Publication
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2026.wvj10
ISSN:	23224568
Depositing User:	Dr. Alireza Sadeghi
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1699

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