Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Layer Chickens Infected with Fowl Cholera in Sukabumi, Indonesia: Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Gene Detection

Arvia, Marsella Metta and Kurnia, Ryan Septa and Nugroho, Christian Marco Hadi and Putra, Muhammad Ade and Safika, Safika and Indrawati, Agustin (2025) Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Layer Chickens Infected with Fowl Cholera in Sukabumi, Indonesia: Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Gene Detection. World's Veterinary Journal. 882 - 890. ISSN 2322-4568

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Abstract

Fowl cholera is a contagious bacterial disease in poultry caused by Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida), which presents a significant threat to layer chicken farming due to its economic impact and potential antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to characterize P. multocida isolates from a fowl cholera outbreak in Sukabumi by assessing antibiotic resistance profiles and detecting virulence-associated genes. Eight P. multocida bacterial isolates from organ sample were cultured on blood agar and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Sensititre� GN4F system. Genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed for 16 virulence genes through conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that all isolates were generally susceptible to the tested antibiotics, except for isolate P.m1, which was confirmed resistant to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Virulence gene detection revealed that most isolates carried nearly all virulence genes tested, particularly those encoding capsule (capA), iron acquisition proteins (exbB, hgbB, fur), fimbriae and adhesins (fim4, fimA, pfhA, tadD), outer membrane proteins (oma87, plpB), sialidases (nanB, nanH), and superoxide dismutases (sodA, sodC). Notably, no isolates harbored the toxA gene. The presence of extensive virulence factors despite general antibiotic susceptibility underscored the pathogen�s potential to persist and cause disease, and highlighted the need for targeted surveillance and comprehensive control strategies in Indonesia. © The Author(s) 2025. Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article�s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article�s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Antibiotic resistance; Characterization; Fowl cholera; Pasteurella multocida; Virulence gene
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	World's Veterinary Journal (WVJ)
Page Range:	882 - 890
Journal or Publication Title:	World's Veterinary Journal
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	15
Number:	4
Publisher:	Scienceline Publication
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2025.wvj89
ISSN:	2322-4568
Depositing User:	Dr. Alireza Sadeghi
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1678

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