Association of Sex and Age with Histomorphometric Features of Agranulocytic Leukocytes and Erythrocyte Indices in Sumbawa Horses

Pratama, Kadek Ferdy Agastia Dwi and Suwiti, Ni Ketut and Ardana, Ida Bagus Komang and Setiasih, Ni Luh Eka and Dharmawan, Nyoman Sadra and Sulabda, I Nyoman and Besung, I Nengah Kerta (2025) Association of Sex and Age with Histomorphometric Features of Agranulocytic Leukocytes and Erythrocyte Indices in Sumbawa Horses. World's Veterinary Journal. 1007 - 1014. ISSN 2322-4568

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Abstract

The Sumbawa horse, an indigenous Indonesian breed, plays important ecological and cultural roles in the region, such as participation in traditional ceremonies, local transportation, and horse-racing competitions; however, scientific data on its hematological and cellular characteristics remain limited, hindering accurate clinical evaluation and breed-specific health management. This study aimed to provide baseline histomorphometric and hematological data by examining 80 clinically healthy Sumbawa horses, grouped by sex (male and female) and age (young and adult). Peripheral blood smears were prepared immediately after venipuncture and stained using the modified Diff Quick method. Morphometric parameters of lymphocytes and monocytes, including cell diameter, perimeter, cell area, and nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, were measured using calibrated digital image analysis. Complete blood count parameters, including mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), red cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), and red cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD), were obtained using an automated hematology analyzer. Females exhibited larger lymphocyte dimensions (17.79 ± 5.89 μm² versus 16.57 ± 6.29 μm², whereas males showed larger monocyte size (18.44 ± 7.60 μm² versus 14.88 ± 5.46 μm²). Lymphocyte counts and percentages were higher in females, while monocyte values and RDW-CV were higher in males. Age significantly influenced lymphocyte morphometry and leukocyte profiles, whereas its effects on monocytes were limited, with only monocyte area showing a significant difference between age groups. These findings indicated significant age-related increases in lymphocyte perimeter, area, and diameter, whereas most monocyte and erythrocyte indices remained relatively stable between age groups. Sex related differences were also evident, with females exhibiting significantly higher lymphocyte counts and percentages, and males showing significantly higher monocyte counts and greater erythrocyte variability. These reference values provide clear morphometric distinctions between groups of Sumbawa horses, with adults exhibiting larger lymphocyte dimensions and males showing higher monocyte counts and greater erythrocyte variability, thus offering a biologically calibrated basis for further physiological interpretation. © The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articleâ��s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the articleâ��s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Age; Agranulocytic leukocyte; Erythrocyte indice; Histomorphometry; Horse; Sex
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Divisions:	World's Veterinary Journal (WVJ)
Page Range:	1007 - 1014
Journal or Publication Title:	World's Veterinary Journal
Journal Index:	Scopus
Volume:	15
Number:	4
Publisher:	Scienceline Publication
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2025.wvj102
ISSN:	2322-4568
Depositing User:	Dr. Alireza Sadeghi
URI:	https://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/1657

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