Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of mechanical and enzymatic elimination of semen viscosity in adult dromedary camel bulls’ semen on cryopreservation potential of spermatozoa during the breeding season. Bulls showed reaction time 40.0±8.23 seconds and 251±24 seconds mating duration. Physical properties of raw semen showed volume mean value 5.28±0.66 ml, initial viability 2.5±0.6, initial raw motility 59.34±4.99%, livability 95.3±2.36%, first and second abnormalities 4.13±0.88% and 7.01±1.254%, respectively and acrosomal integrity 5.03±1.05%. The researcher examined three different treatments for viscosity elimination; namely; Amylase Enzymatic Treatment (AET), Syringe Mechanical Treatment (SMT) and Amylase Syringe Mixed Treatment (ASMT). The results revealed that, a significant deleterious effect of the ASMT on the post-thaw motility (MPT) 25.00±3.69% was observed, with sperm Recovery Rate (RR) 35.02±5.02%, contrary to a clear superiority of AET treatment on (MPT) 49.00±4.87%, followed by the SMT treatment (MPT) 41.67±6.72%, with significantly higher RR% (76.86±4.63% and 62.10±6.65%) respectively. The AET recorded the highest acrosomal reaction (10.17±1.11%), followed by the mixed treatment (8.33±0.14%), with the least significant effect (P <0.05) on the mechanically treated group (7.33±0.99%). The results also showed the same trend for first and second abnormalities. Computer assisted semen analysis showed a significant superiority for the AET on mostly all sperm kinetics (DCL, DAP, VAP, VSL), except for DSL, VCL that showed highest significant value for SMT treatment. Conversely, the study recorded the lowest significant values for LIN, STR and WOB in the SMT. These results clarified that both enzymatic and mechanical methods have a positive influence on dromedary camel semen cryopreservation.