Abstract

In present study, brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) was used to determine the toxicity of auto-detoxified Jatropha kernel cake (JKC) mixed with bovine blood (ADMJKC/bb). The powdered-JKC was mixed with bovine blood (bb) at three ratios (1:1=X, 2:1=Y and 3:1=Z of JKC: bb) and the resultant mixtures processed using four protocols: Heated, Spread Dry = 1, Unheated Spread Dry = 2, Heated Spread Remoisten to 66 dry matter (DM) = 3 and Unheated Spread Remoistened to 66 DM = 4). The resultant 12 treatment combinations (X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4) were placed in a Solar J. curcas auto-detoxification apparatus from where samples were retrieved periodically and evaluated for detoxification using the brine shrimp lethality test. There were no significant differences within the same ratio of mixes among the four protocols. However, there was a tendency for mean LC50 values to increase between the ratios. Specifically, Protocol 2 recorded a significant difference between X2 and Z2 treatments, having 1:1 and 3:1 JKC: bb mixes respectively. Upon ranking the level of auto-detoxification, the most detoxified treatments (Z2 with LC50=4674 and Z4 with LC50 =3692) differed significantly from the least two (X1 with LC50=1383 and X2 with LC5o=1459). Addition of bovine blood to JKC increased the dynamics of JKC auto-detoxification, probably due to the presence of some innate auto-detoxifying microbial inoculum and bovine blood which boost the rapid growth, development and succession of these microbes. Thus combining JKC with bovine blood is complementary for JKC auto-detoxification, with the most detoxified ingredients (Z2, Z4 and Y3) appearing most suitable for further development and testing as feed ingredient for farm animals. © 2021, Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research. All rights reserved.