TY  - JOUR
N1  - Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Waters Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Aquaculture, Politeknik Ahli Usaha Perikanan Jakarta, Ps. Minggu, South Jakarta, 12520, Indonesia
UR  - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85177699768&doi=10.54203%2fSCIL.2023.WVJ43&partnerID=40&md5=a11c96e0b8fc98d6b34c1900bfc32746
SP  - 392
Y1  - 2023/09/25/
AV  - public
A1  - Saputra, A.
A1  - Maftuch, m
A1  - Andayani, S.
A1  - Yanuhar, U.
KW  - immunostimulating agent; monophenol monooxygenase; Piper crocatum extract; plant extract; unclassified drug
KW  -  Article; blood cell count; computer model; controlled study; differential hemocyte count; drug absorption; drug distribution; drug excretion; drug metabolism; drug toxicity; granular cell; hemolymph; immune response; immunostimulation; in vivo study; nonhuman; Penaeus vannamei; plant leaf
EP  - 400
VL  - 13
SN  - ISSN 2322-4568
TI  - In Silico and In Vivo Potential of Fraction Red Betel Leaf as an Immunostimulant Agent in White-leg Shrimp
N2  - Production of white-leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in aquaculture with advanced technology ultimately results in high mortality rates in cultivation. Infectious diseases, including Vibrio spp., can cause mortality with necrosis symptoms in the white-leg shrimp hepatopancreas. Disease prevention through enhancing immunity is highly effective in controlling diseases in shrimps. The current study aimed to obtain information on the compounds present in the fraction of Piper (P.) crocatum as an immunostimulant agent used in silico. The current study investigated the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME/T), and determined the optimal fraction dosage of P. crocatum when injected as an immunostimulant substance. In this study, in silico analysis was conducted by accessing several servers, while the shrimpâ??s immune response was evaluated using a completely randomized design experiment with four treatments (10 individuals/container) and three replications, including 0 (control), 0.5 μg/g, 1 μg/g, and 1.5 μg/g. The shrimpâ??s immunity was examined by injecting the P. crocatum fraction initially, followed by a second injection 24 hours later. Shrimp hemolymph was collected before the injection of the P. crocatum fraction and 24 hours after the injection. Hemolymph was collected at both time intervals to assess total hemocyte count (THC), differential hemocyte count (DHC), and phenoloxidase (PO) as the immune response of shrimp before and after administration of P. crocatum fraction. Two compounds were confirmed immunostimulant agents in a fraction of P. crocatum, 2-Amino-1,3,4-octadecanetriol, and erucamide. The immune response values for THC (14.17 ± 2.45 Ã? 106 cells mL-1), DHC hyaline (53 ± 4.5), semi-granular cells (52 ± 4.0), and granular cells (43 ± 40), and PO (0.112 ± 0.016 units/λ=490) at a concentration of 1.5 μg/g showed a significant increase in number and percentage compared to the control. These results indicate the presence of two compounds in fraction one P. crocatum, as candidates for immunostimulant agents. Administration of 1.5 μg/g of a fraction of P. crocatum is the appropriate dose as an immunostimulant agent when administered via injection method for white-leg shrimp. © (2023). All Rights Reserved.
PB  - SCIENCELINE
JF  - World's Veterinary Journal
IS  - 3
ID  - eprints969
ER  -