eprintid: 952 rev_number: 7 eprint_status: archive userid: 5 dir: disk0/00/00/09/52 datestamp: 2024-04-29 14:52:15 lastmod: 2024-04-29 14:52:15 status_changed: 2024-04-29 14:52:15 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Bihonegn, A. creators_name: Feyisa, A. creators_id: abdi.feyisa@aau.edu.et creators_orcid: 0009-0000-2000-412X creators_orcid: 0000-0001-5136-7054 title: Clinical and Molecular Detections of Lumpy Skin Disease: Possibilities of Co-infection with Foot-and-Mouth Disease ispublished: pub subjects: SF divisions: j13 full_text_status: public keywords: animal cell; animal experiment; animal tissue; Article; clinical examination; coinfection; controlled study; convalescence; embryo; female; foot and mouth disease; Foot and mouth disease virus; heifer; lumpy skin disease; male; molecular diagnosis; nonhuman; real time polymerase chain reaction; virus detection; virus isolation note: School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia abstract: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) and foot and mouth disease (FMD) are notable viral diseases of cattle. This report aimed to highlight the possibilities of an uncommon case of LSD and FMD co-infection. The report also presents the clinical and molecular detection of LSD virus in six crossbred calves and LSD and FMD virus co-infection in a heifer at small-scale dairy farms located in northern Ethiopia. Nasal swabs and tissue samples were collected following aseptic techniques from the six calves suspected of having LSD and a tissue sample from one heifer suspected of having LSD-FMD co-infection and submitted to the laboratory for cell culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Different-sized, firm, painful skin nodules with necrotic centers were seen on different parts of the calves� body. Swelling of the prescapular and prefemoral lymph nodes, conjunctivitis, and corneal cloudiness were also observed. Uniquely, one heifer was seen with erosive lesions in the oral cavity and tongue, salivation, lameness, and skin nodules. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, a distinctive feature of LSD virus, and the formation of syncytia, a characteristic of FMD virus, were observed in the cell lines. The heifer was diagnosed with a rare co-infection of LSDV and FMDV based on clinical signs, cell culture, and real-time PCR test results. The other six calves were diagnosed with the LSD virus. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, local wound cleansing, and anti-inflammatory drugs was initiated. Unfortunately, the heifer with LSD-FMD co-infection died while under treatment, and just three calves with LSD were recovered. It can be concluded that vaccination of animals against both diseases and promotion of bio-security protocols in farms is more helpful than treatment, and early case reporting is also warranted to avoid losses related to the diseases. © The Author(s) 2023. All Rights Reserved. date: 2023-12-25 publication: World's Veterinary Journal volume: 13 number: 4 publisher: SCIENCELINE pagerange: 636-645 id_number: 10.54203/SCIL.2023.WVJ69 refereed: TRUE issn: 2322-4568 official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85184747611&doi=10.54203%2fSCIL.2023.WVJ69&partnerID=40&md5=f6f45dbc307bc6e388179837be68dec4 j_index: scopus citation: (2023) Clinical and Molecular Detections of Lumpy Skin Disease: Possibilities of Co-infection with Foot-and-Mouth Disease. World's Veterinary Journal. pp. 636-645. ISSN 2322-4568 document_url: http://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/952/1/WVJ13%284%29%2C636-645%2CDecember25%2C2023.pdf