eprintid: 676
rev_number: 8
eprint_status: archive
userid: 5
dir: disk0/00/00/06/76
datestamp: 2022-12-03 02:02:04
lastmod: 2022-12-03 02:02:04
status_changed: 2022-12-03 02:02:04
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Almohammed, H.
creators_name: Alhafiz, G.A.
creators_name: Alghatam, F.H.
creators_name: Hussen, J.
title: The Impact of Camel Leukocytes Fixation on Cell Count and Monoclonal Antibodies Reactivity in Flow Cytometry
ispublished: pub
subjects: Q1
subjects: SF
divisions: j13
full_text_status: public
keywords: CD14 antigen; CD163 antigen; monoclonal antibody; paraformaldehyde, animal experiment; Article; autofluorescence; autofluorescence imaging; binding affinity; cell count; cell population; clinical article; dromedary; eosinophil; flow cytometry; fluorescence intensity; human; immunophenotyping; leukocyte; macrophage; monocyte; mononuclear cell; neutrophil; nonhuman; target cell
note: Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
abstract: Immunophenotyping of separated leukocytes is a common technique used to evaluate the changes in cellular immunity during clinical studies. For fixed cells or blood specimens infected with hazardous pathogens, cell fixation is performed before immunofluorescence. The impact of camel leukocytes fixation before staining on the reactivity of cell surface markers with monoclonal antibodies has not been investigated so far. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to compare cell staining of fixed and unfixed camel leukocytes with monoclonal antibodies to several cell surface antigens. Leukocytes were separated from camel blood and were fixed with paraformaldehyde (PFA) or left without fixation. Cells were labeled with monoclonal antibodies to several leukocyte antigens and the expression pattern of the antigens was compared between fixed and non-fixed cells using flow cytometry. The mean fluorescence intensity of each cell marker was calculated and compared between fixed and unfixed cells. Leukocyte fixation with PFA changed the binding activity of the monoclonal antibodies to CD163 and WC1 markedly, making it unable to stain any cell population. Although the cell staining efficacy of other molecules (such as CD14, CD172a, MHCII, CD11a, CD18, CD44, and CD45) was reduced, they were still able to define the target cells. The fixation-induced changes in the expression density of the analyzed monocytic markers may, however, lead to the misinterpretation of immunophenotyping studies of fixed monocytes or macrophages. Collectively, the obtained results indicated significant changes in the staining efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against several cell surface antigens of camel leukocytes, which should be considered when PFA-fixed cellular targets on camel leukocytes are to be analyzed. © 2022, World’s Veterinary Journal. All Rights Reserved.
date: 2022-03-25
publication: World's Veterinary Journal
volume: 12
number: 1
publisher: Scienceline Publication, Ltd
pagerange: 74-80
id_number: 10.54203/scil.2022.wvj10
refereed: TRUE
issn: 2322-4568
official_url: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85128255178&doi=10.54203%2fscil.2022.wvj10&partnerID=40&md5=c79b1df9742430b9aaad186150168de5
j_index: scopus
citation:    (2022)     The Impact of Camel Leukocytes Fixation on Cell Count and Monoclonal Antibodies Reactivity in Flow Cytometry.   World's Veterinary Journal.  pp. 74-80.  ISSN 2322-4568   
document_url: http://eprints.science-line.com/id/eprint/676/1/WVJ%2012%281%29%2074-80%2C%20March%2025%202022.pdf