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primary topic: Antibacterial and Sensory Impact of β-carotene and Riboflavin on Pseudomonas Biofilm in Raw Milk

Antibacterial and Sensory Impact of β-carotene and Riboflavin on Pseudomonas Biofilm in Raw Milk
type: AcademicArticle
type: Article
abstract: Milk is a highly nutritious yet perishable food that is susceptible to microbial contamination and spoilage, particularly by Pseudomonas species. The present study aimed to assess the antimicrobial and sensory effects of β-carotene and riboflavin as natural additives for preserving raw milk, with a specific emphasis on controlling biofilm-forming Pseudomonas strains. A total of 100 raw milk samples were collected from different markets in Gharbia, Egypt, and tested for Pseudomonas spp. Biofilm formation was assessed in isolates, followed by the detection of the quorum-sensing transcriptional regulator lasR, pellicle formation protein A (polysaccharide biosynthesis protein A) pelA, and polysaccharide synthesis locus protein A pslA genes. An in vitro trial was performed on eight groups of raw milk to evaluate the effects of β-carotene and riboflavin at concentrations of 1 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml, respectively, on Pseudomonas counts and sensory properties. The groups include positive control (G1), raw milk inoculated with Pseudomonas and fortified with β-carotene (G2), raw milk inoculated with Pseudomonas and fortified with riboflavin (G3), raw milk inoculated with Pseudomonas and fortified with a combination of β-carotene and riboflavin (G4), negative control (G5), milk fortified with β-carotene only (G6), milk fortified with riboflavin only (G7) and milk fortified with both β-carotene and riboflavin (G8). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to assess the impact of these additives on Pseudomonas, specifically on 16S rRNA and pslA gene expression. Pseudomonas spp. were found in 20% of samples, with 75% forming biofilms. The pslA gene was detected in 83.33% of these samples. β-carotene and riboflavin indicated dose-dependent antibacterial effects, with minimum inhibitory concentration values, and minimum bactericidal concentration values. Milk fortified with these compounds, particularly in G4, demonstrated the most significant reduction in …
date: 2025-09-30
volume: 15
issue: 3
is part of: World’s Veterinary Journal
status: peerReviewed
status: published
author list: authors
type: EPrint
type: ArticleEPrint
is part of: repository
has document: Antibacterial and Sensory Impact of β-carotene and Riboflavin on Pseudomonas Biofilm in Raw Milk (Text)
subject: SF Animal culture

Antibacterial and Sensory Impact of β-carotene and Riboflavin on Pseudomonas Biofilm in Raw Milk (Text)
type: Document
has file: WVJ15(3)811-823,2025 (1).pdf
has part: WVJ15(3)811-823,2025 (1).pdf

Scienceline Publication
type: Organization

World’s Veterinary Journal
type: Collection
issn: 23224568

Heba E. El-Shora
type: Person
given name: Heba E.
family name: El-Shora

Doaa M. Sharaf
type: Person
given name: Doaa M.
family name: Sharaf

Eman K. Fathalla
type: Person
given name: Eman K.
family name: Fathalla

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format: text/html
primary topic: Antibacterial and Sensory Impact of β-carotene and Riboflavin on Pseudomonas Biofilm in Raw Milk

SF Animal culture
type: Concept