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primary topic: Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits

Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits
type: AcademicArticle
type: Article
abstract: Geopolymer concrete (GPC) presents itself as a sustainable construction material that replaces traditional Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete by reducing carbon emissions while preserving structural strength and durability. Its strength derives from geopolymerization a chemical reaction in which aluminosilicate-rich industrial by-product (such fly ash, GGBFS, and metakaolin) react with alkaline activators (sodium or potassium hydroxide and silicate solutions) to create a strong three-dimensional aluminosilicate network. This process known as alkali activation transforms raw materials into a strong three-dimensional aluminosilicate network, which consists of silicon and aluminum atoms bonded through oxygen atoms, imparting high strength and chemical stability. The development of gel structure and reaction kinetics depends heavily on the precursor composition, as well as activator concentration, curing regime, and mix design parameters. Nanomaterials such as nano-silica enhance matrix densification and improve early-age strength by filling micro-pores and refining the microstructure. The addition of fiber reinforcements including basalt, polypropylene fibers significantly increase resistance to cracking and improves the material’s ductility. Furthermore, the use of tailored aggregates optimizes particle packing, thereby contributing to the overall strength and durability. Recent research indicates that GPC can achieve compressive strength up to 50 Mpa whereas OPC concrete bearly reaches 40 Mpa. Tensile strength improves from about 4.0 to 5.5. Mpa, and flexural strength increases from 6.0 to 8.0 Mpa. Durability of GPC enhanced, with up to 20% demonstrating superior resistance against sulfate attack, chloride ingress, thermal loading, and acidic environments. The paper combines research about rheological optimization and ambient curing feasibility, and shrinkage behavior. The material demonstrates its ability to meet advanced construction needs through its applicat…
date: 2025-12-25
volume: 15
issue: 2
is part of: Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism
status: peerReviewed
status: published
author list: authors
type: EPrint
type: ArticleEPrint
is part of: repository
has document: Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits (Text)
has version: Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits (Text)
has published: Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits (Text)
subject: CB History of civilization
subject: TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)

Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits (Text)
type: Document
has file: JCEU15(1)40-64,2025.pdf
has part: JCEU15(1)40-64,2025.pdf

Scienceline Publication
type: Organization

Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism
type: Collection
issn: 22520430

Ali Idriss Oumar
type: Person
given name: Ali Idriss
family name: Oumar

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primary topic: Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Reaction Mechanisms, Mechanical Behavior, and Environmental Benefits

CB History of civilization
type: Concept

TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
type: Concept