?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_id=10.54203%2Fjceu.2025.2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.au=Nazer%2C+Zeynab&rft.aufirst=Zeynab&rft.aulast=Nazer&rft.pages=9-23&rft.atitle=Measuring+Symbolic+Sophistication+in+Geometric+Ornament%3A+The+Symmetry+Complexity+Index+(SCI)+and+its+Art+Historical+Validation+in+Islamic+Geometric+Patterns&rft.issn=2252-0430&rft.title=Journal+of+Civil+Engineering+and+Urbanism&rft.volume=15&rft.date=25+December+2025&rft.issue=1&rft.genre=article